Levetiracetam, commonly known under the brand names Keppra, Keppra XR, and Spritam, is a prescription medication used primarily to treat seizures. It belongs to the class of drugs called anticonvulsants.
This article covers essential information about levetiracetam, including its uses, side effects, safety precautions, and more.
- Key Details
- What is Levetiracetam?
- How Does Levetiracetam Work?
- Available Forms and Dosages
- Side Effects of Levetiracetam
- Common Side Effects
- Serious Side Effects
- Allergic Reactions (DRESS Syndrome)
- Skin Reactions
- Psychiatric Effects
- Blood Disorders
- Important Precautions Before Use
- Medical History Considerations
- Discontinuing Medication
- Drug Interactions and Food Interactions
- What Should I Do in Case of a Missed Dose or Overdose?
- Missed Dose
- Overdose
- Conclusion
- People May Ask
- 1. How soon will I notice results from levetiracetam?
- 2. Can I drink alcohol while taking levetiracetam?
- 3. Is levetiracetam safe for pregnant women?
- 4. What should I do if I miss a dose of levetiracetam?
- 5. Can levetiracetam cause weight changes?
- Disclaimer
Key Details
| Aspect | Details |
| Generic Name | Levetiracetam |
| Brand Names | Keppra, Keppra XR, Spritam |
| Drug Class | Anticonvulsant, SV2A Inhibitor |
| Forms Available | Oral Tablets, Extended-Release Tablets, Oral Solution, Injectable |
| Dosage Strengths | 250 mg, 500 mg, 750 mg, 1000 mg, and extended-release forms |
| Storage | Store at room temperature (20°C to 25°C) |
| Prescribed For | Seizure control, epilepsy, and other conditions |
| Prescription Requirement | Yes |
What is Levetiracetam?
Levetiracetam is an anticonvulsant commonly prescribed to manage epilepsy and prevent seizures.
It works by interacting with brain proteins to stabilize neuronal activity and reduce the risk of abnormal electrical activity, which causes seizures.
This medication can be taken in various forms, including tablets and oral solutions, depending on the patient’s needs.
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How Does Levetiracetam Work?
An overload of electrical impulses in the brain causes seizures. Levetiracetam works by binding to a protein in the brain called SV2A, which helps regulate the release of neurotransmitters.
By modulating this protein, the drug helps reduce the excessive neuronal activity that leads to seizures.
Available Forms and Dosages
Levetiracetam comes in the following formats:
- Tablets: 250 mg, 500 mg, 750 mg, 1000 mg
- Extended-Release Tablets: 500 mg, 750 mg
- Oral Solution: 100 mg/mL
- Injectable Solution: For hospital use when oral administration is not possible
The appropriate dosage will vary based on factors such as the patient’s medical condition, age, and how well they respond to treatment.
Side Effects of Levetiracetam
Like any medication, levetiracetam can cause side effects. These can range from mild discomfort to more serious issues, which require medical attention.
Common Side Effects
- Drowsiness or fatigue
- Irritability
- Dizziness
- Loss of appetite (more common in children)
- Nasal congestion (mainly in children)
Most of these side effects are temporary and can be managed. However, if they persist or worsen, it’s essential to consult with your healthcare provider.
Serious Side Effects
While rare, more severe side effects can occur with levetiracetam:
Allergic Reactions (DRESS Syndrome)
Levetiracetam can cause serious allergic reactions like DRESS syndrome, characterized by fever, skin rash, swollen lymph nodes, and breathing difficulties. Immediate medical attention is required if these symptoms occur.
Skin Reactions
In rare cases, levetiracetam can cause Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) or Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN), which can lead to life-threatening conditions. Symptoms include painful skin rashes, blisters, or peeling. If these signs appear, seek emergency care.
Psychiatric Effects
Levetiracetam can cause mood swings, irritability, aggression, and even suicidal thoughts. If you or someone you know experiences sudden mood changes or any signs of depression, contact your healthcare provider immediately.
Blood Disorders
Levetiracetam may affect blood cell counts, leading to conditions such as anemia or leukopenia. Symptoms to watch for include unexplained bruising, fever, or fatigue. Regular blood tests are necessary to monitor these effects.
Important Precautions Before Use
Before starting levetiracetam, your doctor will evaluate your medical history to ensure that this medication is right for you. It is essential to inform your healthcare provider about any pre-existing conditions or medications you are taking.
Medical History Considerations
Tell your doctor if you have:
- A history of mood disorders or suicidal tendencies
- Kidney problems, as levetiracetam is metabolized by the kidneys
- Are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding
Levetiracetam’s safety during pregnancy has not been conclusively established, so it’s important to discuss the risks and benefits with your healthcare provider.
Discontinuing Medication
Do not stop taking levetiracetam abruptly, as this can increase the risk of seizures. If you need to discontinue it, your doctor will guide you through a tapering process to gradually reduce your dose.
Drug Interactions and Food Interactions
Levetiracetam is not known to have any significant interactions with food or beverages. However, alcohol should be avoided, as it may intensify side effects such as dizziness and drowsiness.
There are no significant interactions between levetiracetam and other medications. However, always inform your doctor about any current medications, including over-the-counter drugs, vitamins, or supplements, to ensure there are no potential interactions.
What Should I Do in Case of a Missed Dose or Overdose?
Missed Dose
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it is nearly time for the next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose. Never double up on doses.
Overdose
In case of an overdose, call emergency services or poison control immediately. Symptoms of overdose may include extreme drowsiness and coordination problems.
Conclusion
Levetiracetam is a vital medication in managing seizures and preventing their recurrence, particularly in people with epilepsy. While it is generally well-tolerated, users must be mindful of potential side effects and adhere to prescribed dosages. Regular monitoring, communication with your healthcare provider, and timely adjustments are key to ensuring the medication is safe and effective.
People May Ask
1. How soon will I notice results from levetiracetam?
You may start noticing improvements soon after starting levetiracetam, but it can take several weeks to feel its full effects. Keep taking the medication as prescribed, and consult your doctor if you have any concerns.
2. Can I drink alcohol while taking levetiracetam?
It’s best to avoid alcohol while taking levetiracetam, as it may increase side effects such as dizziness and drowsiness.
3. Is levetiracetam safe for pregnant women?
Levetiracetam should only be used during pregnancy if absolutely necessary, and the benefits outweigh the risks. Consult your doctor if you’re pregnant or planning to become pregnant.
4. What should I do if I miss a dose of levetiracetam?
If you forget to take a dose, take it as soon as you remember unless it’s almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at once.
5. Can levetiracetam cause weight changes?
While weight changes are not common, some users may experience appetite changes. If you notice significant weight fluctuations, consult your healthcare provider.
Disclaimer
The information provided in this article is for informational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Always consult with your healthcare provider before starting any new medication or treatment. The accuracy of the content is based on current knowledge and is subject to change. Please consult your physician or a medical professional for personalized advice and recommendations.
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